To test a 18v solar panel voltage output directly put your solar panel in direct sunlight set your multi meter to the dc volts setting.
How to test voltage on a solar panel with multimeter.
You want to choose a voltage range capable of displaying the maximum possible voltage of the panel in open circuit this means that if you have a panel rated for 20 volts you should set the multi meter.
A multimeter is a device that you can use to test the voltage and current of any device.
Some exceptions may apply based on panel type.
Open circuit voltage can vary depending on your solar panel but the readings we are usually looking for are in the range of 15 to 23v.
Simply touch the solar panel leads with the multi meter probes matching their corresponding polarity red to red black to black.
Switched multimeter this type of multimeter manually switches between the ranges to get the most accurate reading.
Including the solar panels.